sumerian mythology and the bible

Finally, we see that in ancient coins and gems, the Twins are depicted positioned on either side of enthroned deities, such as Zeus, Serapis, Mars and Mithras. There is a great wealth of evidence supporting the belief that the books of the Bible, and specifically the book of Genesis is indeed the inspired creation of God. Sumerian Bible Origin: The story begins in Sumer, The decrease in the life time of men in the Bible, Sumerian origin of the Bible: Sargon, the Sumerian Moise. [30]:xiii,xv[13]:101 Many of the myths involving her revolve around her attempts to usurp control of the other deities' domains.[32]. On October 9, 1929, a German theologian named Gustav Adolf Deissmann was cataloguing items in the Topkapi Palace library in Istanbul when he happened across a curious parchment located among some As Greek mythology goes, the universe was once a big soup of nothingness. We learn that the disaster told by the Hebrews, which according to Velikovsky was caused by a comet (he collaborated with NASA), was also experienced and described by other peoples in Europe, Asia and America. This particularity of Kabbalah indicates that it is closely linked to ancient astrological systems of belief, Thus, Kabbalah is very far from the Jewish religion and much more closely linked to the ancient mysterious religions of the East. Many Canaanites have participated in the creation of Pi Rameses. The Sumerian god Enlil becomes Abrahams El, the Elohim becomes Eloha. flood lasts a long time, but Ziusudra comes to rest within seven 3- The story insists on the description of the Paradise created by Enki in Dilmun. Sumerian scholar Samuel Noah Kramer has also noted similarities between many Sumerian and Akkadian "proverbs" and the later Hebrew proverbs, many of which are featured in the Book of Proverbs. Ninhursag and causes eight new plants to grow from the earth. He is referred to as the one who put the king on his fathers throne, an appellation reserved only for the God Amon Ra! : see on Amazon. Does it mean that the Gospels are not based on true accounts? or even a goddess (I Kings 11:5) or men considered superior (Exodus 4:16, I Samuel 28:13, Zechariah 12:8). These ancient gods of Mesopotamia had wings, wore horned caps, and possessed the ability to . This theory differs considerably from the history of creation as accepted by theistic religions. p. 142,145) or "fine oil" (Kramer & Maier 1989: p. By this time, humans had already learned how to farm, plow, develop copper and bronze metallurgy, and develop the first calender. They weren't known "in Greek myth" to have done this, so you have it wrong. Because it helps another culture to understand their own through contextualizing the cultures main tenants and providing easy to understand comparisons. It is only natural that anthropologists, historians and those who study religion to look for parallels between the earliest docoments of the Old Testament and the Sumerian/Babylonian/Akkadian religions in Mesopotamia. This association carries Where is the king who should be ruling them? [14]:184 Nanna was god of the moon and of wisdom. [14]:179 Male deities became dominant[14]:179 and the gods completely lost their original associations with natural phenomena. For many scholars of ancient civilizations, there is no doubt that the Bible was written from Sumerian and Egyptian texts. Sumerian Mythology by Samuel Noah Kramer | Goodreads It is unclear when the first settlers of the region arrived, but they were a non-Semitic people that historians believe may have come out of the Samarra culture in northern Mesopotamia or Assyria. Actually, I believe the author is saying that some creation stories that many attribute to the Bible are originally found in Sumerian mythology. Presumably, the book of Genesis has its roots in Mesopotamia from the early part of the second millennium BC. It is difficult to judge the motives of people I have never met. (Video), 10 Jaw-dropping Engineering Marvels of the Inca Empire, Lost City Revealed: The Mysteries of Nan Madol Uncovered (Video), Hidden in Plain Sight: The Pterodactyl of New Guinea. A woman from the Levi tribe then hid hers for three months. about The Book of Revelation is Filled with Ancient Curses, New Research Reveals, Egyptian Authorities Push Back on Cleopatra Portrayal. It was in 1945 that I discovered this explanation. [14]:179180 People began to view the gods as living in a feudal society with class structure. Lilith is first mentioned in ancient Babylonian texts as a winged female demon that attacks pregnant women and infants. Professor Evans, in his book Paradise Lost and the Genesis, also focuses attention on the Cte dve: The Sumerian words for coast ti and life til were represented by the same ideogram; therefore the goddess Nin-ti could be both the lady of the coast and the lady who gives life. [17]:109 She was the divine personification of the planet Venus, the morning and evening star. Renowned auction house, Sothebys in New York, prepares itself for the sale of possibly the most expensive historical document ever sold at an auction, in the form of Codex Sassoon. Enlil was the god of air and wind among the Sumerians. Aqqi the water pumper adopted me as his son and raised me. The parallels between the Gilgamesh Epic and the Genesis flood story are really striking. Ishtar | Goddess, Worship, & Facts | Britannica Samuel Noah Kramer, an American Assyriologist, a specialist in Sumer and the Sumerian language, published a book in 1957 that became his best seller: In this book he develops the four common points between a Sumerian text that tells the story of the god Enki and the goddess Ninhursag in Dilmun and the text of the Garden of Eden: 1- Ninti (a goddess) is created from a coast. It has been estimated by some to be based on a tradition as old as 3000 BC. It should be noted that Kramer's interpretation that this creature [26]:58[27]:231234 His primary consort was Ninlil, the goddess of the south wind,[28]:106 who was one of the patron deities of Nippur and was believed to reside in the same temple as Enlil. Jsus connaissait tout ce que vous crivez et pourtant il a enseign comment gurir les malades et comment chasser les dmons (dmons au sens gnrique des influences qui oppressent les gens, que ce soit une entit malfique, dmoniaque, ou un tre multidimensionnel comme certains extra terrestres appels reptiliens mais il y en a dautres). Hundreds of gods comprised its religious system. [20] During the Third Dynasty of Ur, it was believed that a person's treatment in the afterlife depended on how he or she was buried;[17]:58 those that had been given sumptuous burials would be treated well,[17]:58 but those who had been given poor burials would fare poorly, and were believed to haunt the living. [37] An was the ancient Sumerian god of the heavens. by Inanna from the banks of the Euphrates to her garden in Uruk, [13]:3741, The ancient Mesopotamians regarded the sky as a series of domes (usually three, but sometimes seven) covering the flat earth. Sumerian myths were passed down through the oral tradition until the invention of writing (the earliest myth discovered so far, the Epic of Gilgamesh, is Sumerian[dubious discuss] and is written on a series of fractured clay tablets). [19] This bleak domain was known as Kur,[17]:114 and was believed to be ruled by the goddess Ereshkigal. Around -1200, the Egyptian sage Amnmop wrote a list of about thirty maxims and recommendations for educating his son. The Gemini Twins were known to call fire down from the sky referring to their fathers lightning bolts and had been known in Greek myth to have destroyed entire villages with that power. Sumerian creation myth The earliest record of a Sumerian creation myth, called The Eridu Genesis by historian Thorkild Jacobsen, [1] is found on a single fragmentary tablet excavated in Nippur by the Expedition of the University of Pennsylvania in 1893, and first recognized by Arno Poebel in 1912. This week we are going to analyze the oldest creation story ever recorded, known as the Eridu Genesis. , Ten years later, following a revolt, the city was besieged again: the Temple of Solomon was destroyed and a large number of Jews were deported to Mesopotamia. En ce qui concerne les religions de Msoamrique, bien peu de textes sont parvenus jusqu nous, et lhistoire sest perdue dans les autodafs des conquistadors. Aqqi the water pumper taught me his job as a gardener. It first appeared in archaeological records around 3100 B.C. [14]:203 The lowest dome of heaven was made of jasper and was the home of the stars. Assuming the second possibility, the question becomes who borrowed from whom? Sumer - History (Pierre Jovanovic, 2001). Sumerian religion was the religion practiced by the people of Sumer, the first literate civilization of ancient Mesopotamia. Thank you. [17]:85 They are frequently referenced in magical texts,[17]:8586 and some texts describe them as being seven in number. The Book of Revelation is Filled with Ancient Curses, New Research Reveals. In Sumerian texts, we have references to the Ninhursag's milk, one of the seven great deities of Sumer, the goddess of fertility that is associated with a cow (similar to the magic goat Amalthea of the Greek mythology). The cultures of the Near East were constantly repurposing the beliefs of those around them and the Greeks did the same comparing every one of the major foreign gods of other cultures to their own: Amun=Baal=Zues=Jupiter, Mercury= Odin, Artemis=Bastet, Nergal=Ninurta=Ares. That is the big question, there are different theories, if Pierre Jovanovic talks about bad translation or invention by an unhealthy and misogynistic scribe, Eric DeBroqueville thinks more of an invention due to what these Canaanite peoples were suffering: the frequent deportations caused by the Babylonians for example. [3]:34. Cleopatra, the last pharaoh of Egypt, is one of the most iconic figures in history. To deny any possible common root to these two flood stories seems unrealistic. The Sumerians developed one of the earliest civilizations on earth (3500-1750 B.C. The last option seems unlikely because there is evidence for the Gilgamesh Epic from before 2000 BC, but we cannot rule out that the ancestors of Abraham passed along the account we now have in Genesis. 13th Century Magical Merlin Manuscript Shares Original Legend, Eight of the Most Powerful Mythical Objects in History. Finally, he took a raven and dropped it; the raven went away, but when he found the withdrawal of the waters, he picrored, croaked, shook, and did not return. A few centuries later, this text will be reproduced practically as it stands in the Bible, in Proverbs 22:17 to 23:11. And while some people may seem content with the story as it stands, our view is that there existcountless mysteries, scientific anomalies and surprising artifacts thathave yet to be discovered and explained. In the Gilgamesh Epic, Utnapishtum took his family, some friends as well as many animals on the boat. The hero of the Epic of Gilgamesh . [17]:86 The later Mesopotamians knew this underworld by its East Semitic name: Irkalla. "in the East" (Gen. 2:8) has a river which also "rises" Presumably, the book of Genesis has its roots in Mesopotamia from the early part of the second millennium BC. The princes of Egypt soon revolted and took up arms. about Adams First Wife Lilith: Diabolical Demoness or the First Feminist? The Genesis creation account is absolutely unique among all creation stories, both in its simplicity and in its scientific accuracy. It is quite possible that both the Bible and ancient mythology are referring to real events that have taken place, expressed in a way that was relevant to the people of the time. Who were the Sumerians? | GotQuestions.org They deduced from this that the Hebrew language was derived from hieroglyphics, which are stylised. [21] The Sumerians originally practiced a polytheistic religion, with anthropomorphic deities representing cosmic and terrestrial forces in their world. Notons que dautres divinits peuvent jouer un rle plus direct dans la cration de la faune, de ses modes de vie, et de ce qui lui permet de subsister, mme si le dmiurge reste linstance suprieure lorigine de toute vie. In the Sumerian version, the pious Ziusudra But the latter bypassed the difficulty by addressing Atrahasis in a dream. It assumes that the gods and the universe already exist and that once a long time ago the heavens and earth were united, only later to be split apart. Another possible Sumerian carry-over related to the Fall of man The Sumerian god Enlil becomes Abraham's El, the Elohim becomes Eloha. [citation needed]. The Hebrew text would just then have been transformed, embellished, to give importance to a God who would protect them, as the authors of the Bible usually do. Despite the takeover of Babylon by the Persians in 539 and Cyrus edict allowing exiles to return to Judea, an important Jewish community remained in the city: it was it that, at the end of the 5th century AD, initiated the so-called Babylonian Talmud, which is still the authority in Judaism. Sumerian religion - Wikipedia The Sumerians believed that the universe had come into being through a series of cosmic births. The texts mention that at some point the gods mutinied against their labour. The Anunnaki, The Ancient 'Alien' Gods Of Mesopotamia - All That's Again, we see an incredible similarity with the accounts of James and John. It is interesting that these topics arise in this first creation story, perhaps shining light on events that everyone can relate to (government and sacrifice). One possibility is that the flood is an actual event, the memory of which was carried forward by the survivors, finding its way into both Gilgamesh and the biblical account. The gods themselves were terrified: fleeing, they climbed to the sky of Anu where, like dogs, they remained curled up. [9] Eden Revisited: The Sumerian Version - Ancient Origins Members Site The one who cures his rib is named Ninti, whose name Sumerian Myths - Grand Valley State University The coincidence, at the time, did not move anyone. [13]:3740 An and Ki mated with each other, causing Ki to give birth to Enlil, the god of wind, rain, and storm. Eridu Genesis | The Sumerian Epic of Creation - YouTube man out of the clay of the ground and blew into his nostrils the At the kings request, a magician separated the waters, found the jewel and returned it to its owner. (Gen. 2:9-10) In the Is it true that Genesis was written by four different competing groups and that it is very contradictory? The Hebrew alphabet comes from the Egyptian hieroglyphs, The Egyptian wisdom on which the Bible is based, The Ten Commandments and the Law of Maat, The Egyptian origins of the Bible: the Moses who ruled Egypt, The Ten Commandments and the Law of Ma'at, similarity between Egyptian texts and the Bible, Joconde : The real secrets of Mona Lisa finally revealed, The Stargate and the Egyptian Pyramid Secret, an incredible discovery, The belief in one God in ancient Egypt, teaching of Hermes. He knew the gods of the Sumerian pantheon, at the top of which was the Triad An, Enlil and Enki. Before the Greeks exalted Zeus or the Egyptians praised Osiris, the Sumerians worshipped the Anunnaki. Sumerian mythology and religious practices were rapidly integrated into Akkadian culture,[40] presumably blending with the original Akkadian belief systems that have been mostly lost to history. Most major gods had a so-called sukkal, a minor deity serving as their vizier, messenger or doorkeeper. [17]:114 It had seven gates, through which a soul needed to pass. (Video), Pompeii Unveiled: Discovering the City's Most Amazing Secrets (Video), What Did Ancient Greece Really Look Like? They do mention Ra [sun deity in Ancient Egyptian Religion] and his creation of gods and people. Reincarnation and karma in Judaism and Christianity. the creation of Eve. 2- The text is a perfect parallel between Enki eating forbidden plants and Adam eating the forbidden fruit. #art #music #CoMeDy &#PoliticsAF! While the origin of the Sumerians is unknown, (it is said that they may have come from the east), there have been many hypotheses that seek to answer this mystery. 28-30) It is certainly from there that Elohim says: Let us make man in our image, in our likeness Genesis 1.27. Eridu: The Earliest City in Mesopotamia and the World - ThoughtCo Why do people try to find relationships between these? She joins with him again In 597 BC, Nebuchadnezzar II took Jerusalem, thus ending the independence of the kingdom of Judah and the dynasty of David. The major deities in the Sumerian pantheon included An, the god of the heavens, Enlil, the god of wind and storm, AnKi Enki, the god of water and human culture, Ninhursag, the goddess of fertility and the earth, Utu, the god of the sun and justice, and his father Nanna, the god of the moon. In the Sumerian city-states, temple complexes originally were small, elevated one-room structures. He started by creating heaven and Earth. [34] He may have also been the father of Inanna and Ereshkigal. This would make the claim that it was borrowed from Neo-Babylonian sources not work. Carried away by the disease, the young pharaoh Siptah died in his turn and Tausret immediately proclaimed himself pharaoh. [17]:108109[14]:203 The sun was her brother Utu, the god of justice,[14]:203 and the moon was their father Nanna. I know the Middle East is an area we are both interested in digging and studying in. The Mesopotamian Pantheon - World History Encyclopedia This is what I believe to be the case, but I leave it to you to decide for yourself. The priesthood resided full-time in temple complexes, and administered matters of state including the large irrigation processes necessary for the civilization's survival. More broadly, it is in Babylon that the people of Israel will lay the foundations for a Judaism that is now deprived of the Temple. The story contains topics relating to kingship, the first cities, and sacrifice. No votes so far! PDF THE SUMERIANS - Oriental Institute [17]:75 His most important cult center was the E-abzu temple in the city of Eridu. [23], During the late 2000s BC, the Sumerians were conquered by the Akkadians. Piri Reis Map - How Could a 16th Century Map Show Antarctica Without Ice? Chaque espce de cette mission disposaient de technologies et de savoirs qui leurs taient propres. While I was a gardener, the goddess Itar fell in love with me and so I exercised royalty for fifty-six years. AtAncient Origins, we believe that one of the most important fields of knowledge we can pursue as human beings is our beginnings. ADAPA - In Sumerian and Babylonian mythology, the first created man, son of Ea (or Enki) who, in anger at the overturning of his boat, broke the wings of . The famous tower of babel story from Gen 11:1-9 has strong Mesopotamian echoes. The belief in one God in ancient Egypt, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Awk4WsLvS9A, Anunnaki, la version sumrienne de la cration de lhumanit, Nos anctres des extra-terrestres ? According to these tablets, the Anunnaki, or Anannge, were angels. is the lack of "pangs of childbearing" for those in Dilmun. So what could account for these similarities? The local religion of Mesopotamia finds its way into Genesis indirectly, for example when Laban chased Jacob down in an attempt to get back his household gods. Sumerian tablets vs. Bible: Do you know about their similarities and differences? According to Mesopotamian legend, he still lives there. The Great Flood, and the building of an ark that housed the "seeds of mankind", are both mentioned in the Eridu Genesis. He impregnates Our open community is dedicated to digging into the origins of our species on planet earth, and question wherever the discoveries might take us. April Holloway is a Co-Owner, Editor and Writer of Ancient Origins. Ten days later, having regained his senses, Atrahasis took a dove and released it; the dove left, but she returned. Sumerian deities developed Akkadian counterparts. The Sumerians envisioned the universe as a closed dome surrounded by a primordial saltwater sea. Sumerian Myth Of The Bible: A Historical Analysis Decent Essays 623 Words 3 Pages Open Document It is apparent that no person or persons could have orchestrated the harmony found in scripture. The earth is a desolate place, with darkness covering the depth. The waves even covered the tops of the mountains. This mans name is in Egyptian Mssw and reads Moses. . There are two possibilities to explain this. Sens2lavie.com, The Sumerian and Egyptian origin of the Bible, evidence. Then it states or implies they got it from genesis. Sumerian Mythology Revised Edition Samuel Noah Kramer "A real addition to the body of world mythology."-- American Anthropologist "No people has contributed more to the culture of mankind than the Sumerians, and yet it has been only in recent years that our knowledge of them has become at all accurate or extensive. Kramer, however, did give credence to it, as mentioned by the blogger to whom you linked (see Kramer's History Begins at Sumer, pp. If one takes Abraham to be the father of the Jewish nation, as supported by the Bible, then one can assume that the Gilgamesh Epic is older than the written, Jewish version of the story which is found in the Bible, as Abraham died somewhere around 1850 BC. Dumuzi and Jesus because Dumuzi is a shepherd-king and he is resurrected Professor Alexander Heidel of the Oriental Institute of Chicago has prepared a table to allow us to compare a Sumerian text that describes the creation of the world, the Enuma Elish and the Book of Genesis, the result is extremely disturbing: The Holy Spirit and cosmic matter are co-existent and co-eternal. Eridu Genesis - World History Encyclopedia is Lilith has come into quiestion of late. Il ne faut pas se laisser impressionner par ce qui nest pas dit mais il faut apprendre comment gurir les malades et comment chasser les dmons. He was the ancestor of all the other major deities[38] and the original patron deity of Uruk. to the quarrels of Cain and Abel. Dilmun, described in the myth of "Enki and Ninhursag". According to Doctor Ashok Malhotra, It was suggested that Sumerians appeared in Southern Mesopotamia around five and half thousand years ago carrying with them the seeds of civilization. They have been twisted and exagerated over thousand years. Puisque nous sommes lge des possibles pour expliquer ce pass, nous pouvons alors formuler des hypothses hors du champ connu. During the Akkadian Period, Ereshkigal's role as the ruler of the underworld was assigned to Nergal, the god of death. The Complete Anunnaki Bible: A Source Book of Esoteric Archaeology - eBay Sumerian Tablets The Sumerian tablets were written by the Sumerians. There have been many attempts at translations, but the most relevant of all has been that of sumerology researcher Anton Parks. The question naturally arises: Where did these obvious parallels arise? Mesopotamian Creation Myths | Essay | The Metropolitan Museum of Art I noticed that error too. and bears eight new children, each of whom are the cure to one of Vous ne dites pas dans votre expos les malades que vous avez guris et les entits (dmons ou E.T. Enki was god of freshwater, male fertility, and knowledge. Aton the sun, like AkhenAton. It is in this continuity that the tablets of Sumer will be inscribed by offering a fresh look at the first chapters of Genesis. Pareil pour les habitudes religieuses. Nowhere in Genesis is it said that Abraham or the patriarchs denied the existence of other gods. Isn't NT evidence for this circular reasoning? is related to the Hebrew word hay or living. But ti also means to keep alive. He also convinced Shotelel, also a Canaanite, to accept in exchange the designation of Tausret as the great regent of the whole country. Chacune de ces religions dcrivant dans le dtail des tres venus dailleurs avec des technologies avances (pouvoirs divins apparents pour ceux qui ne pouvaient pas concevoir ces technologies). Ancient Sumerian Mythology The Chronicles Of The Sumerian Peoples Myths And Epics Gilgamesh And Beyond Greek Mythology Babylonian . The Sumerian belief system offers a fascinating insight into the lives of these ancient people as they struggled to establish the first empires of man. Might there be opportunities that arise later for people to be saved? If you are a believer and this article upsets you, you should know that it does not challenge some of the teachings in the Bible and invites you to read the articles below. and Ashnan story. Great Discoveries in Biblical Archaeology: The Sumerian King List - by Bryant G. Wood, Biblical Stories Mirror Those Found in Ancient Mythology - by Ed Neumann, It's not as if the religions around Christianity and Judaism weren't doing the same thing . The Bible was born in Babylon from that experience of the stranger who was almost mortal but whom Jews transformed into divine grace. Mesopotamian relition was polytheistic. In the Bible there is a poem by Pharaoh Akhenaten, dedicated to the base at Aton the Solar God. Source La Croix, the largest French Catholic newspaper, Despite the takeover of Babylon by the Persians in 539 and Cyrus edict allowing exiles to return to Judea, an important Jewish community remained in the city: it was it that, at the end of the 5th century AD, initiated the so-called Babylonian Talmud, which is still the authority in Judaism. Le christianisme sera le moins boulevers par rapport aux autres monothismes et au bouddhisme. And, at the entrance to the treasure room, guarding the tomb, lying on a chest, the dog Anubis (or Anapi): in Hebrew, Nabi means guardian of the law. Ancient Sumerian origins of the annunaki bingefest! An Inspirational Courtesans Tale, Was Anne of Cleves Too Ugly for King Henry VIII?