However, one area of milk thistle research focuses on how it affects bone marrow, which contributes to overall bone health but also has implications in treating diseases like multiple myeloma, a type of blood cancer. Digestion and Depression . doi:10.1515/jbcpp-2019-0206, Kazazis CE, Evangelopoulos AA, Kollas A, Vallianou NG. The information and products shown on this website should not be interpreted as a substitute for physician evaluation or treatment. PMC Brain Fog (anxiety, depression, ADHD), lots of medications. Rambaldi, A.; Jacobs, B.; Iaquinto G, Gluud C. Milk thistle for alcoholic and/or hepatitis B or C liver diseases--a systematic Cochrane hepato-biliary group review with meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials. Milk thistle has long been utilized as an anti-inflammatory agent offering numerous benefits to our liver, cholesterol, cardiovascular health, menopause symptom relief, and even gallbladder disorders. In reducing oxidative stress, milk thistle is believed to be neuroprotective by helping prevent decline in brain function. Eighteen clinical trials of 1,088 participants were assessed. The natural agonist of estrogen receptor silibinin plays an immunosuppressive role representing a potential therapeutic tool in rheumatoid arthritis. Multiple Myeloma vs. Leukemia: What Are the Differences? Milk thistle is found throughout the eastern United States, California, South America, Africa, Australia, and Asia. However, there are currently no human studies, so its effectiveness remains unclear. Some studies also show milk thistle may help people whose liver is damaged by industrial toxins, such as toluene and xylene. Milk thistle contains compounds that may support skin, liver, and bone health and enhance weight loss. Amyloid plaques are sticky clusters of amyloid proteins that can build up between nerve cells as you age. Herbal product use by persons enrolled in the Hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term Treatment Against Cirrhosis (HALT-C) Trial. https://www.micromedexsolutions.com. 2022 Nov 29;23(23):14968. doi: 10.3390/ijms232314968. Milk thistle is a popular herbal remedy best known for its liver-protecting properties. While the cost of most OCD medications currently available on the market is actually quite reasonable, the common side effects that occur are definitely not. Copyright 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Talk with your healthcare provider before starting milk thistle to make sure it is the right supplement for you. Era of Hope Meeting for the Department of Defense Breast Cancer Research Program, Atlanta, June 8-11, 2000. The benefits of milk thistle can be attributed to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Some animal studies have shown that milk thistle could be useful for reducing the side effects of cancer treatments (26, 27, 28). Silymarin, a milk thistle element, is reported safe at doses of 700 milligrams three times a day for 24 weeks. However, how it affects humans is currently unknown. J Diabetes Res. By using our site, you acknowledge that you have read and understand our. Depression. Facts & Comparisons eAnswers. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Milk thistle. Accessibility National Cancer Institute PDQ Integrative, Alternative, and Complementary Therapies Editorial Board. Other studies looking at milk thistle for cirrhosis have found conflicting results. The data is very limited, but one randomized controlled study found that mothers taking 420 mg of silymarin for 63 days produced 64% more milk than those taking a placebo (37). (silymarin) extract supplementation on antioxidant status and hs-CRP in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Interestingly, one study found that people with acne who took 210 milligrams of silymarin per day for 8 weeks experienced a 53% decrease in acne lesions (42). Small Business Research Grant Program (SBIR), About Research Training and Career Development, Training Grant Application, Review, and Award Process, Integrative Medicine Research Lecture Series, Division of Extramural Research Sponsored by NCCIH, Division of Intramural Research Conducted at NCCIH, Know the Science: How Medications and Supplements Can Interact, Know the Science: How To Make Sense of a Scientific Journal Article, How To Find Information About Complementary Health Approaches on PubMed, Dietary Supplements: What You Need To Know. When considering the use of herbal supplements, seek the advice of your doctor. "It helps to clear out the toxins and nourish the organ," says Justice. Moreover, its unclear whether milk thistle is well enough absorbed in people to allow adequate amounts to pass through the blood-brain barrier. Hepatology. You should not use this product if you are allergic to milk thistle or if you have: past or present cancer of the breast, uterus, or ovary; or. Huberman: "Anything that reduces 5-alpha reductase is going to reduce DHT & maintain or extend the growth phase, the anagen phase, of hair growth. Nat Neurosci. Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Professional Development, Mayo Clinic on Incontinence - Mayo Clinic Press, NEW Mayo Clinic on High Blood Pressure - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic on Hearing and Balance - Mayo Clinic Press, FREE Mayo Clinic Diet Assessment - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic Health Letter - FREE book - Mayo Clinic Press, Financial Assistance Documents Minnesota, Gastrointestinal issues, such as diarrhea, constipation, nausea, vomiting and abdominal bloating. Milk thistle. Additionally, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of milk thistle may also be useful for reducing the risk of developing diabetic complications like kidney disease (43). 2016 Jul;41(7):1662-72. doi: 10.1007/s11064-016-1881-5. Duplication is encouraged. Silymarin is an active component of milk thistle, which is not found in foods. Learn. People who are allergic to artichokes, kiwi, ragweed, daisies, marigolds, and chrysanthemums are at higher risk. Mol Med Rep. 2016;13(4):3243-8. doi:10.3892/mmr.2016.4887, Yang Z, Zhuang L, Lu Y, Xu Q, Chen X. Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances. information submitted for this request. 2020;31(4):/j/jbcpp.2020.31.issue-4/jbcpp-2019-0206/jbcpp-2019-0206.xml. Effect of silymarin on chemical, functional, and morphological alterations of the liver. According to the International OCD Foundation about half of OCD patients stop taking their medications due to negative side effects. Depression and anxiety are associated with increased risk of developing AD. Other uses not proven with research have included treating malaria, mushroom poisoning, spleen or gallbladder problems, menstrual problems, liver problems (such as hepatitis B or C), and other conditions. This publication is not copyrighted and is in the public domain. Read our. In some studies, silibinin, an active component of milk thistle, has been shown to have estrogen-like effects. BDNF-TrkB pathway mediates antidepressant-like roles of H. New insights into BDNF function in depression and anxiety. Neuroplasticity to autophagy cross-talk in a therapeutic effect of physical exercises and irisin in ADHD. When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. Can Milk Thistle Help People With Diabetes? Effects of vitamin E on chronic hepatitis C genotype 3: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Milk thistle is promoted as a dietary supplement for hepatitis, cirrhosis, jaundice, diabetes, indigestion, and other conditions. Did you know that milk thistle has recently been touted as a natural remedy to help manage the debilitating symptoms of OCD? Follow your healthcare provider's instructions about any restrictions on food, beverages, or activity. *These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. Milk Thistle (and liver cleansing) has two workings: it supports the liver and it lowers the inactive rT3 in favour of the active T3. Bookshelf It can help prevent elevation of liver enzymes, which can be a side effect of the medication. But the herb is also believed to be beneficial for other health issues. ; Extensively studied; effective in treatment of cirrhosis, hepatitis, chemical- or . However, research is not conclusive on its uses. Other SSRIs on the market include Fluvoxamine (Luvox), Paroxatine (Paxil), and Sertraline (Zoloft) (3). (silymarin) extract supplementation on antioxidant status and hs-CRP in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, By Soraiya Ebrahimpour Koujan, Bahram Pourghassem, Gargari Majid, Published February 15, 2015, Retrieved May 5, 2019, 8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28025940, Current Drug Targets, A Mini Review on the Chemistry and Neuroprotective Effects of Silymarin, By Devi KP, Malar , Braidy , Nabavi , Nabavi, Published 2017, Retrieved May 5, 2019, 9. https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/a?dbs+hsdb:@term+@DOCNO+1964, Toxnet, Valerian Root, Reviewed by SRP on 9/9/2014, Retrieved May 5, 2019, 10. https://nccih.nih.gov/research/results/spotlight/040310.htm, National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, Study Shows Chamomile Capsules Ease Anxiety Symptoms, Last Updated October 21, 2015, Retrieved May 5, 2019, 11. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3612440/, Evidence Based Complementary Medicine, Lavender and The Nervous System, Published March 14, 2013, By Peir Hossein Koulivand, Maryam Khaleghi Ghadiri, and Ali Gorji, Retrieved May 5, 2019, 12. https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-437/lemon-balm, WebMD.com, Lemon Balm, Retrieved May 5, 2019, Requirements for using and reposting articles. The Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine, second edition, 2004. Call your doctor if the condition you are treating with milk thistle does not improve, or if it gets worse while using this product. Summary One study has shown that people taking milk thistle supplements experienced a decrease in the number of acne lesions on their body. Here are 10 of the best herbs for your liver, including benefits and. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Song X, Zhou B, Cui L, Lei D, Zhang P, Yao G, Xia M, Hayashi T, Hattori S, Ushiki-Kaku Y, Tashiro SI, Onodera S, Ikejima T. Neurochem Res. Milk thistle is generally thought to be safe, but you still may experience side effects when taking it. 2023 May;475(5):621-635. doi: 10.1007/s00424-023-02795-y. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. Ebrahimpour, K.; Gargari, B.; Mobasseri, M. et al. 2014;11(2):167-74. doi:10.1900/RDS.2014.11.167, Rambaldi A, Jacobs BP, Gluud C. Milk thistle for alcoholic and/or hepatitis B or C virus liver diseases. Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. Milk thistle supplements, for . Milk thistle. Users are advised to seek the advice of their physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. The easiest way to lookup drug information, identify pills, check interactions and set up your own personal medication records. However, as this is the only study, more high-quality research is needed. See additional information. edeka3 Brain Fog (anxiety, depression, ADHD), lots of medications. 5 It was found that there was no significant difference between milk thistle and Prozac for OCD symptoms. As a result of excessive alcohol consumption, my liver was fattened and my enzymes increased. This article reviews what milk thistle is and, Milk thistle tea is said to protect the liver, stimulate breast milk production, and lower blood sugar levels. Milk thistle is not recommended for children. 2008;47(2):605-12. doi:10.1002/hep.22044, Voroneanu, L.; Nistor, I.; Dumea, R. et al. Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. 2015;22(2):290-6. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2014.12.010. 1. Hepatology. Researchers also have found that milk thistle improved insulin resistance, a key part of type 2 diabetes. 2014;10(1):31-35. doi:10.17925/EE.2014.10.01.31. Silymarin as supportive treatment in liver diseases: a narrative review. Phytomedicine. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. Milk thistle may not be recommended in some situations. CNS Neurosci Ther. Its not known whether milk thistle is helpful for other conditions. Overall, more high-quality research is needed to define the doses and clinical effects of this fascinating herb. Do not use more of this product than is recommended on the label. metabolic syndrome, depression, cardiovascular diseases and thalassemia, in addition to its photoprotective activity in in vitro tests and preclinical studies. J Diabetes Res. Theres conflicting research on the benefits of milk thistle for liver health. The benefits of milk thistle may be due to silymarin, an active ingredient found in the herb that is said to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. One of the active ingredients in milk thistle called silymarin is extracted from the plant's seeds. People who have diabetes or endometriosis should check with a doctor before using milk thistle. Therefore, it is not known whether milk thistle or silymarin should be used to treat cirrhosis. OCD symptoms usually revolve around irrational fears, repeated thoughts, and compulsions. Depression is one of the most frequent psychiatric disorders of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Its resources include publications (such as Dietary Supplements: What You Need To Know) and fact sheets on a variety of specific supplement ingredients and products (such as vitamin D and multivitamin/mineral supplements). A study from 2012 confirmed that milk thistle might not have true beneficial effects on hepatitis C. In the study, patients who took silymarin, an active component of milk thistle, daily for 24 weeks had no significant improvements in liver enzymes or other measures compared to those who took the placebo. We know little about whether milk thistle is effective in people, as only a few well-designed clinical studies have been conducted. While milk thistle has been traditionally used in pregnant and breastfeeding women, its safety is unknown. In a mini Review on the Chemistry and Neuroprotective Effects of Silymarin, published in 2017, researchers went so far as to say that silymarin promotes the inhibition of the inflammatory response generated during neurodegeneration.. FOIA There are no other food sources of this herb. Milk thistle products appear to help the skin heal from damage caused by UVB radiation from the sun and may offer benefits in preventing non-melanoma skin cancers. Some supplements are close to chemicals in efficacy like saffron (standardized extract) for depression and magnolia bark extract for anxiety. To provide you with the most relevant and helpful information, and understand which Bookmark the permalink. Summary Milk thistle extract may help protect the liver against damage caused by disease or poisoning, though more research is needed. Data sources include IBM Watson Micromedex (updated 2 Apr 2023), Cerner Multum (updated 17 Apr 2023), ASHP (updated 10 Apr 2023) and others. Bunchorntavakul C, Wootthananont T, Atsawarungruangkit A. Malaria. All rights reserved. The best doses of milk thistle have not been established for any condition it may be used to treat. However, its currently unclear if it has the same beneficial effects in humans. Disclaimer. Nevertheless, pregnant women, those allergic to the Asteraceae family of plants, those with diabetes and anyone with an estrogen-sensitive condition should seek medical advice before taking it. While milk thistle is considered a noxious weed in various parts of the United States, it has little oral consumption value and is best absorbed in tablet or capsule supplement form, but can also be consumed as a tea or oral tincture. Some, but not all, milk thistle supplements are vegan. These side effects may be mild or severe. Careers. J Tradit Complement Med. 2023 Jan 14;19:133-151. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S376380. 2017 Apr;42(4):1073-1083. doi: 10.1007/s11064-016-2141-4. An allergic reaction is more common in people who are allergic to other plants in the Asteraceae family, such as ragweed, daisies, marigolds and chrysanthemums. NCCIH has provided this material for your information. The following list is not exhaustive. If you take any medicines regularly, talk to your doctor before you start using milk thistle. Milk thistle is found throughout the eastern United States, California, South America, Africa, Australia, and Asia. Milk thistle has been used in alternative medicine as a possibly effective aid in treating heartburn, or seasonal allergy symptoms. Milk thistle is an herbal remedy derived from the milk thistle plant, also known as Silybum marianum. An official website of the United States government. It is not known whether milk thistle passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. From aloe to honey, you might be surprised what basic ingredients can help improve breakouts. Depression and anxiety are associated with increased risk of developing AD. In one clinical trial, 60 people with benign polyps in the colon (which often develop into colon cancer) took a herbal blend with milk thistle, a flaxseed antioxidant, and oat fiber for 2 . J Med Assoc Thai. Milk thistle may produce allergic reactions, which tend to be more common among people who are allergic to plants in the same family (for example, ragweed, chrysanthemum, marigold, and daisy). Its unclear what benefits, if any, it may have in the body, but its sometimes used as a natural treatment for things including cirrhosis, jaundice, hepatitis, and gallbladder disorders. People may also find it painful and worry about its effects on their appearance. Herbal product use by persons enrolled in the hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term Treatment Against Cirrhosis (HALT-C) Trial. The research on milk thistle's use in cancer patients is promising, although more research is needed to determine its benefits. People have traditionally used milk thistle for problems with the liver and gallbladder . 2012;308(3):274-282. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.8265, Ebrahimpour koujan S, Gargari BP, Mobasseri M, Valizadeh H, Asghari-jafarabadi M. Effects of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. Milk thistle should not be used in place of medication prescribed for you by your doctor. It's typically recommended to avoid taking multiple supplements for the same cause at the same time. Questions? 1. https://iocdf.org/about-ocd/ocd-treatment/meds/, International OCD Foundation, Medications for OCD, By By Michael Jenike, MD, Retrieved May 5, 2019, 2. https://theoakstreatment.com/blog/ocd-facts-and-statistics/, The Oaks Treatment, OCD Facts and Statistics, Published June 18, 2018, Retrieved May 5, 2019, 3. https://www.psycom.net/ocd-medication-guide/, Psycom.net, OCD Medication Guide, By Kathleen Smith, PhD, Last Updated September 21, 2018, 4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20564545, Phtotherapy Research, Milk thistle in liver diseases: past, present, future, Published October 24, 2010, Retrieved May 5, 2019, 5. https://www.drugs.com/npp/milk-thistle.html, Drugs.com, Milk Thistle, Last updated on Mar 1, 2019, Retrieved May 5, 2019, 6. https://www.verywellhealth.com/the-benefits-of-milk-thistle-88325, VeryWellHealth.com, The Benefits of Milk Thistle, By Kathee Wong, Updated March 08, 2019, Retrieved May 5, 2019, 7. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0944711315000227, Phytomedicine, Effects of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. 2018;9:1903. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.01903, Soleimani V, Delghandi PS, Moallem SA, Karimi G. Safety and toxicity of silymarin, the major constituent of milk thistle extract: An updated review. Feng N, Luo J, Guo X. Silybin suppresses cell proliferation and induces apoptosis of multiple myeloma cells via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Verywell Health's content is for informational and educational purposes only. Liu HY, Wei HJ, Wu L, Liu SM, Tang YY, Zou W, Wang CY, Zhang P, Tang XQ. About curcumin, it isn't usually a problem but if you're on IMAOs you may like to read a bit before taking high doses. And Selenium too. Its regularly used as a complementary therapy by people who have liver damage due to conditions like alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatitis and even liver cancer (1, 5, 6). Its main functions include antioxidant . Minerals for OCD Learn more about natural remedies for type 2 diabetes. 2011;17(18):2288-2301. doi:10.3748/wjg.v17.i18.2288. Its herbal remedy is known as milk thistle extract. People sometimes eat the stem and leaves of milk thistle in salads. Milk thistle has been shown in experimental test-tube and animal studies to stimulate bone mineralization and potentially be protective against bone loss (22, 23). But experts say that the evidence isnt conclusive. In fact, a recent review and analysis found that people routinely taking silymarin experienced a significant reduction in their fasting blood sugar levels and HbA1c, a measure of blood sugar control (44). There is also concern that milk thistle might affect estrogen levels. Milk thistlesupplementscontaining silymarin are commonly sold as teas or in capsule form, but are also available as tablets, soft gels, and liquid extracts. Common side effects of milk thistle reported in studies include: Typically, side effects will subside once you stop using milk thistle. Unexpected effects from milk thistle. Song X, Zhou B, Zhang P, Lei D, Wang Y, Yao G, Hayashi T, Xia M, Tashiro S, Onodera S, Ikejima T. Neurochem Res. In this study, the effect of silibinin on A-induced anxiety/depression-like behaviors in rats was investigated. In one such study, a 45-day course of silymarin, the active component of milk thistle, increased antioxidant capacity and reduced generalized inflammation in adults with type 2 diabetes compared with a placebo. Is There a Reason Your Milk Thistle Isn't Working? Int J Mol Sci. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Silymarin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Side effects. Neurological Disorders Milk thistle has long been used to alleviate the inflammation commonly associated with a host of neurological disorders such as dementia, Alzheimers, and Parkinsons Disease (8). 3 Milk thistle may change the way your liver metabolizes certain drugs, like blood thinners, antibiotics, and anti-inflammatory medications. Version: 2.01. In 2010, a double-blind, placebo-controlled study compared the effects of milk thistle to the antidepressant Prozac (fluoxetine) in treating OCD (600 milligrams of milk thistle vs 30 milligrams of Prozac daily). After using 2 tablets a day and 1 month, indigestion and pain in my liver disappeared. Milk thistle has been used in alternative medicine as a possibly effective aid in treating heartburn, or seasonal allergy symptoms. However, there is a lack of . Biomed Res Int. We encourage you to discuss any decisions about treatment or care with your health care provider. The NCCIH Clearinghouse provides information onNCCIHand complementary and integrative health approaches, including publications and searches of Federal databases of scientific and medical literature. Our study provides a new insight into the protective effects of silibinin in the treatment of anxiety/depression. Swimming and L-arginine loaded chitosan nanoparticles ameliorates aging-induced neuron atrophy, autophagy marker LC3, GABA and BDNF-TrkB pathway in the spinal cord of rats. Not all possible interactions are listed in this product guide. Available for Android and iOS devices. Tell each of your healthcare providers about all your medical conditions, allergies, and all medicines you use. https://naturalmedicines.therapeuticresearch.com. Certain people should take precautions when using milk thistle, and others may need to avoid it altogether. Eur Endocrinol. Loguercio C, Festi D. Silybin and the liver: from basic research to clinical practice. There are no regulated manufacturing standards in place for many herbal compounds and some marketed supplements have been found to be contaminated with toxic metals or other drugs. Accessed Oct. 30, 2020. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Exercise caution and start slow. Liver Detoxification and Health. By lowering LDL "bad" cholesterol levels, milk thistle may lower the chance of developing heart disease. Herbal product use by persons enrolled in the Hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term Treatment Against Cirrhosis (HALT-C) Trial. The Physician Global Assessment and Body Surface Area composite tool is a simple alternative to the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index for assessment of psoriasis: post hoc analysis from PRISTINE and PRESTA. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003620.pub3, Gillessen A, Schmidt HH. Silibinin, a flavonoid derived from milk thistle (Silybum marianum), has been used as a hepato-protectant in the clinical treatment of liver diseases. It may be effective in mild to moderate depression, but two studies reported no benefit in major depression . Natural Medicines website. However, evidence suggests that milk thistle extracts might be useful in the treatment of mood disorders. Have direct benefits against prostate, breast, and certain cervical cancer cells. All rights reserved. Not only does this help prevent cirrhoris, but may also be advantageous for those living with hepatitis or other liver diseases. Milk thistle ( Silybum marianum) is an herbal remedy used mainly to protect and detoxify the liver. The terms "milk thistle" and "silymarin" are often used interchangeably. Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center: About Herbs: Milk thistle., Natural Standard Patient Monograph: Milk thistle.. Dupuis ML, Conti F, Maselli A, et al. Check out these best-sellers and special offers on books and newsletters from Mayo Clinic Press. Keywords: You may also consider consulting a practitioner who is trained in the use of herbal/health supplements. 2013 Nov;19(11):847-53. doi: 10.1111/cns.12175. It also states that Milk Thistle will lower Ferritin and that iron-supplement is advised.

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