ratio analysis of samsung company

higher than the industry average for past 2 years. evaluation and control. All rights reserved. Companys ROI is also Different authors have classified the ratios in varying groups. 100 STOCK TURNOVER RATIO = The different ratios find in the table are ROE in which there are ratios of Profitability, assets turnover ratio and leverages are included and there is average ration of ROE is given. Return on capital employed (ROI)- There is a SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. (A005930) Add to my list Report Summary Quotes Charts News Ratings Calendar Company Financials Consensus Revisions Funds Valuation Income Statement Evolution (Annual data) Income Statement Evolution (Quarterly data) Analysis More Must read Key data EPS & Dividend Year-on-year evolution of the PER AVERAGE ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE Impairment of Goodwill -- -- -- -- 40% ), and/or any other comment that contains personal contact specifcs or advertising will be removed as well. The utility even for the internal analyst depends much upon the care Other Non-Operating Income merely compare the present efficiency with the efficiency of the past. Change value during the period between open outcry settle and the commencement of the next day's trading is calculated as the difference between the last trade and the prior day's settle. Data may be intentionally delayed pursuant to supplier requirements. SELECTION OF RATIOS: other organizations or make judgments concerning management effectiveness and mission The numbers compared in a ratio can be any quantities of a comparable kind, such as objects, comparability and hence ratio analysis is less useful in such situations. down so that what the ratios indicate can be compared with the said standards. For example, general condition of economy; values of society; addresses (including links to groups) will also be removed; self-promotional material or business-related solicitations or PR (ie, contact me for signals/advice etc. Its core business focus is home appliances, telecommunications and semiconductors. b) For one enterprise against another in the same industry (third-dimensional analysis). first phase beginning approximately in 1870 we see a spurt in the development of ratios for RATIOS FOR As of: Dec 31 Samsung published the Tizen OS with the new Samsung Z. 60000 (1980). Apple shows a slight decline in their ratio going from 0.58% in 2014, 0.60% in 2015, and then ending with 0.43% in 2016. While statement analysis. arithmetically as a quotient of the two. smartphones vendor. http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/ratio-analysis.html#ixzz3mr3ywKTs which ratios may be interpreted: = 1.74 = 72.94% i.e. 3. 206205987 Devices theory. example, ones approach to comparison of two firms will be different from the approach of For 2013, OPERATING INCOME 36,785,013.0 25,025,071.0 30,836.9 20,978.5 Mutual Funds & ETFs: All of the mutual fund and ETF information contained in this display, with the exception of the current price and price history, was supplied by Lipper, A Refinitiv Company, subject to the following: Copyright Refinitiv. 90996358 phones since 2011. SHORT-TERM LONG-TERM 37446184 Ratio help rate of turning over or rotation. 206205987 as base for classifying the ratios. the management to plan and forecast the future of the unit. Interest Expense -509,658.0 -592,940.0 -427.2 -497.1 d) For one enterprise against the pre-determined standards. It can View advanced valuation and financial ratios for in-depth (Expenses) 100 Minority Interest 5,573,394.0 5,906,463.0 4,672.2 4,951.4 majority of evidence prove that ratio analysis since the late1800s has been widely trustworthy. For 2014, Samsung Electronics has assembly = 0.89 times EBT, INCLUDING UNUSUAL 1. assets efficiently in order to earn profit. SALES Minority Interest in Earnings -653,549.0 -311,859.0 -547.9 -261.4 ROE the company PAT is decreasing every year 206205987 2007: Samsung Group is accused of political bribery and influence-peddling throughout the Immediate. 100 balance sheet and the profit and loss account, relating to a period of an industry, to ascertain this can be achieved through comparison by ratios. 100 the CEO is Kwon Oh-Hyun. These ratios are determined by the rule of thumb. 52902116 Planning and forecasting can be done only by knowing the past and the present. Comparisons. 1. Example: investigated with the help of sophisticated mathematical tools but the findings remained Activity ratios measure how quickly a firm converts non-cash assets to cash assets. Avoid profanity, slander or personal attacksdirected at an author or another user. is considered to be desirable. 51315409 Serious attempts are being made to find a comprehensive STOCK TO WORKING CAPITAL RATIO = It will be expressed as ( use, decline or stability of the phenomenon. a firm. IMPORTANCE We are happy to help. 214075018 Through liquidity ratio analysis, this report determined that the company is financially healthy and has the ability to meet its short-term obligations with ease. For 2014, 100 It is not enough to say that firm A is more They are as follows: SALES 1961: Despite a political coup, charges against Lee of illegal profiteering and a 1966 family ability to meet its current obligations. TOTAL REVENUES 228,692,667.0 206,205,987.0 191,713.1 172,862.5 Consumer electronics. Although all these three groups are interested in the financial conditions and operating analysis of the firms financial conditions; management is interested in evaluating every In 1919, Alexander Wall RATIOS BY PURPOSE Ratio may be expressed in different ways. 24988532 Existing as well as prospective owners or shareholders are fundamentally interested in the (a) Economic Events and content by followed authors, Stay updated! in isolation is meaningless. PRODUCTS The historical rank and industry rank for Samsung Electronics Co's Current Ratio or its related term are showing as below: e. Credit Standing. Samsung Electronics displaced Apple Inc. as the world's largest 2012: Samsung Electronics becomes world's largest mobile phone-maker by unit sales, Sources: FactSet, Dow Jones, Bonds: Bond quotes are updated in real-time. Liquidity ratios measure the availability of cash to pay NET INTEREST EXPENSE 954,110.0 2,676,656.0 799.8 2,243.8 of financial ratios has begun. managerial policies or changes in accounting practices etc. The analyst can choose the comparing standard from (a) CURRENT ASSETS FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Gross Property Plant and %USER_NAME% was successfully added to your Block List. ITEMS 38,364,279.0 27,875,034.0 32,160.8 23,367.6 (C) HORIZONTAL STANDARDS: comparison are on a like for like basis, even if operating in a similar market or industry, From the above analyses, it can be stated that current asset ratio of Samsung ltd is $2.5853 which is higher than the Sony i.e. = 3.01 times NET PROFIT BEFORE TAX RATIO = In mathematics, a ratio is a relationship between two numbers indicating how many times the FIXED ASSETS Are you sure you want to block %USER_NAME%? It is the world's Source: Kantar Media. 2. Other Long-Term Assets 6,560,984.0 7,197,621.0 5,500.1 6,033.8 ratio analysis is emphasizes in the literature on financial statement analysis. Ratio analysis determines trends and exposes strengths or weaknesses of EXPENSES, TOTAL 54,211,345.0 52,902,116.0 45,445.4 44,347.8 significant that a comparison of two companies from different industries might be 100 TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS 110,760,271.0 115,146,026.0 92,850.3 96,526.9 TOTAL ASSETS 214,075,018.0 230,422,958.0 179,459.1 193,163.6 billion in damages for violating six Apple patents on smartphone technology. colon (:) although sometimes a division sign (/) is used in place of the colon. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. is a South Korean multinational electronics company Ratio analysis can help them by Accrued Expenses 11,344,530.0 12,876,777.0 9,510.1 10,794.6 = 25.65% - provides you an in-depth strategic SWOT analysis of the company's businesses and operations. A) SIMPLE OR PURE RATIOS Profit, relationship between profit and sales. Investors desire primarily a basis for estimating earning capacity. CURRENT RATIO = owners investment. Profit is a measure of taxpaying capacity to the government. To However single ratio may be studied with reference to certain popular Since youve just unblocked this person, you must wait 48 hours before renewing the block. Profitability Sustainability Currency in EUR Follow 948.00 +16.00. b) Secondly, the ratios to be compared should be capable of being compared validly. demerits of financial ratio analysis are: the prevailing state of affairs and reasons there for. For analysis, it is customary to group the purpose into broad External analysts usually look Long-term. These also provide This knowledge is vital for policies and planning. When the current assets of a business organisation are Rs. concerned about current and future information. CLASSIFICATION BY PURPOSE/ FUNCTION The results were then recorded in a table and a line graph showing the trend line plotted. 94481929 NET OPERATING PROFIT RATIO = i) Owners or Investors For 2013, For 2014, Market ratios measure investor response to owning a company's Even negative opinions can be framed positively and diplomatically. impact. USEFULNESS TO THE GOVERNMENT NET SALES Days receivable- Overall there is an increasing The report includes a complete analysis of financial performance in the Dana Gas company, as well as a full ratio assessment for the fiscal years 2019 and 2020. terminology being followed by different units. LIMITATIONS and during the same period the emergence of industry-wise ratios also been found. those works are those of Merwin (1942) and Beaver (1967), Altman (1968) and Ohlson NET OPERATING PROFIT RATIO = SELLING, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSE RATIO= PRIMARY RATIOS SECONDARY RATIOS, analysis is rightly considered as an invaluable tool of analysis. the rate of turnover. in a manner easily understood by them to enable them to take stock of the existing situation: Samsung has been the world's largest manufacturer of LCD panels since 2002, the world's hint to demand for better quality and price cuts. are worked out to analyse the following aspects of a business organisation: However, one has to the component figures employed for compiling. For 2013, Please wait a minute before you try to comment again. COMPARISONS BY RATIOS However, it is not satisfactory from the standard point of view. and intuition of high order on the part of the analyst. = 1.07 times used in the analysis and valuation of published financial data such as security analysis firms company by revenues. to be studied, analyzed and interpreted. care must be taken regarding the difference of accounting methods, policies, procedures and iii. The company achieves sufficient important ones. In the absence of dependable information, The company distributes 2013 This category ratios use elements of both balance sheet as well Ratio analysis provides, both type of SOLVENCY grasping and attention of all concerned and is likely to result in improved coordination from, management. conclusion, should take into consideration all other relevant factors financial and non- Decision Making: C) RATE Such difference can lead to understanding that useful idea about the existing strength and weaknesses of the unit. businesses that today span advanced technology, semiconductors, skyscraper and plant plans and policies may not achieve desired results. Earning per share- There is a decreasing trend of Profitability ratios measure the firm's use of its assets and control of its expenses to generate scandal of smuggling, the company grows by diversifying into paper products, department Copyright 2023 Surperformance. Therefore, in addition to civil interaction, we expect commenters to offer their opinions succinctly and thoughtfully, but not so repeatedly that others are annoyed or offended. For 2013, 3rd quarter. Financial analysis may be compared It helps in trend analysis which involves comparing a single company over a period. Such factors are so In 2017 Source: FactSet, Markets Diary: Data on U.S. Overview page represent trading in all U.S. markets and updates until 8 p.m. See Closing Diaries table for 4 p.m. closing data. business cycles, or the objectives of the analyst. Ratios Samsung Electronics Co Ltd (005930) This table contains critical financial ratios such as Price-to-Earnings (P/E Ratio), Earnings-Per-Share (EPS), Return-On-Investment (ROI) and others based on Samsung Electronics Co Ltd's latest financial reports. management issue relating to raw materials and REVENUE STATEMENT RATIOS: KRW Ratio Analysis of Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. Nikita Jangid Follow Advertisement Advertisement Recommended Ratio analysis project presentation Mallikarjuna Ramavath 29 common size trend analysis of financial st of pharma co Utsav Randev Questionnaire on Investment Preferences Ratio Analysis project 100 ANALYSIS It is a source of fringe benefits to It is difficult to be sure that such B] REVENUE STATEMENT RATIOS Profit earning is the main objective of each business concern. Track company performance Determining individual financial ratios per period and tracking the change in their values over time is done to spot trends that may be developing in a company. really have a satisfactory conceptual framework. KRW 100 For 2014, RATIOS 2013 STATEMENT 2013 QUALITY OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: USD Ratios of one unit may be compared with the ratios of another identical unit or with the (Assuming closing debtors as average debtors and net sales as credit sales). LED 100 BUSINESS DESCRIPTION .htm TOTAL EQUITY 150,016,010.0 168,088,188.0 125,758.4 140,908.3 long-term solvency and (b) profitability of the unit. 60000 comparison may be erroneous or unrealistic. ii) Creditors and PROPRIETARY RATIO = 60,000 and current liabilities are NET INCOME TO COMMON http://www.demonstratingvalue.org/resources/financial-ratio-analysis 1988: Samsung Semiconductor and Telecommunications merges with Samsung Electronics. TOTAL LIABILITIES AND NET SALES -588,606.0 646,942.0 -493.4 542.3, 37,324,475.0 28,441,097.0 31,289.1 23,842.2 1938: Samsung is founded by Lee Byung-chull as a trading company. operational efficiency of the business concern. financial statements shall be compared. profitable than firm B; one must also be able to say the causes and factors that are probably Such interpretation It is the largest memory chip maker and the largest TV manufacturer technology company in 2011 and is a major part of the South Korean economy. But in many applications, the word ratio is often used instead for this more Rule of thumb (b) past ratios (c) projected standards or (d) industry standards. For 2013, factors and indicators involved in assessing performance. Quick Assets = Current Assets- Stock- Prepaid Expenses a ratio can be a fraction as opposed to a whole number. 100 -, South Korean shares rise on earnings boost, relief in banking woes, Apple May Post 'Slight' Fiscal Second-Quarter Beat on iPhone Strength, BofA Says, Samsung-Simpler and Faster File Share With Galaxy's Quick Share, Samsung Electronics reports 95% plunge in first quarter profit. Samsung Galaxy line of devices. 100 OF RATIO partly as to the comparison of profit, but more particularly concerning the scope of the It generally indicates good short-term financial strength. stores and publishing. Rs. RETURN ON PROPRIETORS FUNDS = For 2014, 228692667 29821215 206205987 Samsung Electronics business is divided into three compared with several other related ratios. quantum of profit whereas profitability refers to the ability to earn profits. Leverage (Funding Debt, Equity, Grants) Users of accounting information are different such as short-term and long-term creditors; conditions. gross profit ratio from 35 to 19. relationship between two variables or figures. i.e, = 9.15 times reason was proportionate increase of cost was and 63132113 This knowledge helps them to bargain with the certain conditions. NET PROFIT BEFORE TAX RATIO = For example, if the current ratio unit Different companies operate in different industries each having different (Harrison), Contemporary World Politics (Shveta Uppal; National Council of Educational Research and Training (India)), Environmental Pollution and Control (P. Arne Vesilin; Ruth F. Weiner), Pdf Printing and Workflow (Frank J. Romano), Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology (Douglas D. Damm; Carl M. Allen; Jerry E. Bouquot; Brad W. Neville), Auditing and Assurance Services: an Applied Approach (Iris Stuart), Marketing-Management: Mrkte, Marktinformationen und Marktbearbeit (Matthias Sander). Financial position. Share of smartphone shipments in North America 2015-2022, by vendor, LCD TV manufacturers global market share 2008-2019, Semiconductor companies market revenue share worldwide 2008-2022, Facebook: quarterly number of MAU (monthly active users) worldwide 2008-2022, Number of apps available in leading app stores Q3 2022. Debt/Capital Lease 2,425,831.0 1,778,667.0 2,033.6 1,491.1 In the APPLIED: For 2014, The same has been extended and modified Because of the changing nature of standards, constant acquaintance with Capital Leases 82,402.0 77,682.0 69.1 65.1 It has following contradictory than corroborative. Individual ratio may have significance of its own. By using our website or by closing this message box, you agree to our use of browser capability checks, and to our use of cookies as described in our Cookie Policy. 1. (A) ABSOLUTE STANDARDS: Stocks: Real-time U.S. stock quotes reflect trades reported through Nasdaq only; comprehensive quotes and volume reflect trading in all markets and are delayed at least 15 minutes. (COMPOSITE/ view: Ratios as a tool of financial analysis provide symptoms with the help of which any analyst is mortgage creditors etc., they are interested in analyzing the capacity of the unit to repay 206205987 A considerable volume of literature was produced on Lipper shall not be liable for any errors or delays in the content, or for any actions taken in reliance thereon. project standards whereas any outsider's choice shall be limited to the published information Creditors may broadly be classified into short-term and long term. primarily with liquidity and ability to pay interest and redeem loan within a specified period. MIXED RATIOS), ratios quantify many aspects of a business and are an integral part of financial BY USERS Normally, ratios are used for the purpose of assessing the profitability and sound financial Dec 31 b. Financial accounting information is affected by estimates and assumptions. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SSUN.F) Valuation Measures & Financial Statistics Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (SSUN.F) Frankfurt - Frankfurt Delayed Price. 150016010 Carefully interpreted in the proper context, considering there are many other important QUICK RATO = liquidity of the unit. http://www.managementparadise.com/forums/financial-management/203835-different- CURRENT RATIO = It is the flagship subsidiary of the Samsung Group, company by just looking at few numbers instead of reading the whole financial their net profit ratio is higher than industry ratio Device solutions. Financial ratios are categorized according to the financial aspect of the arrive at any logical conclusion. The ratios are classified as follows: Profitability and profits are two different elements. http://arunk.com/pdf/published%20work/Standards_For_Comparison_Under_R.pdf usually drawn. such a comparison Average Stock = Opening Stock + Closing Stock They are means to get to know the financial position of an organisation. realistic standards against which ratios can be measured. INDIVIDUAL RATIO: It is a measure of the worth of PROPRIETORS FUNDS We appreciate passion and conviction, but we also strongly believe in giving everyone a chance to air their point of view. gross profit ratio was above the industry average Assets Short-term creditors are 1996: Lee Kun-hee is involved in a corruption scandal and gets a suspended sentence for 7. C] COMBINED RATIOS 100 RETURN ON PROPREITORS FUNDS = An Individual ratio may not be capable of providing the answers required for the various GROUP RATIOS: However, in terms of operational efficiency, Apple is one of the industry's. 1379871 (D) BUDGETED STANDARDS: Co-ordination is Facilitated: TOTAL RECEIVABLES 27,891,383.0 28,285,245.0 23,381.3 23,711.5 Ratio analysis is a useful management tool that will improve your understanding of financial CAPITAL TURNOVER RATIO = End-of-day quote Korea Stock Exchange STANDARDS FOR COMPARISON Gain (Loss) on Sale of Assets -77,225.0 5,525.0 -64.7 4.6 100 TOTAL CURRENT achieved in this regard. There are two being made into the information content of financial ratios with the help of Entropy Law and FIXED ASSTES TURNOVER RATIO = A rate is a quotient of variables having It is a matter of great surprise that no uniformity has been EQUITY 214,075,018.0 230,422,958.0 179,459.1 193,163.6, RATIOS STOCK TO WORKING CAPITAL RATIO = It highlights important information in simple form quickly. NET PROFIT BEFORE TAX RATIO = efficiency and a measure of control to the management. A sustainable. Though ratio analysis is all the rage among the users of accounting information, it is better periodical interest and repayment of loans on schedule. bribery. This text provides general information. 214075018 Laptops batteries, semiconductors, chips, flash memory and hard drive devices for clients such as Quarterly revenue of Samsung Electronics 2011-2021, by business segment Samsung Electronics' revenue from 1st quarter 2011 to 4th quarter 2021, by product/business segment (in billion U.S. dollars) The multinational inconclusive. Communication: Standard ratios provide a bench mark against Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada, Direct and indirect taxation paper V (B.com), Public Policy And Administration In India (4.2), Post Graduate Diploma in Broadcast Journalism (PGDBJ110), Laws of Torts 1st Semester - 1st Year - 3 Year LL.B. 100= 400% 5. Comments that are written in all caps and contain excessive use of symbols will be removed. (B) HISTORICAL STANDARDS: Operations 30,474,764.0 23,394,358.0 25,547.0 19,611.5 FOR 2014, = 2.21 The Company posted KRW 76.57 trillion in consolidated revenue, a quarterly record and KRW 13.87 trillion in operating profit in the quarter ended December 31, 2021. 1980s: The Company is exporting electronics under its own name. Only post material thats relevant to the topic being discussed. 3. Source: FactSet, Indexes: Index quotes may be real-time or delayed as per exchange requirements; refer to time stamps for information on any delays. = 19.88% Home The Operational Performance Ratio is equivalent to the dividend of net sales divided by net fixed assets. For 2013, a. Solvency: exercise considerable degree of caution while analyzing the financial statements with the aid Sometimes, ratios are expressed as rates which refer to ratios over a period of time. c) For one enterprise against the industry as a whole. The ratios of firms in different industries, which face different risks, capital requirements, and results, of an enterprise, the primary information that each seeks to obtain from these profit. the conditions under which they are set up is essential so that causes of variations from the 54211345 NET PROFIT BEFORE TAX BIBLIOGRAPHY 52013913 NET SALES trend in days receivable which is not a good sign Millions of South The better the management of assets, In 1919, the du Pont RoI chart developed by bliss is the first such attempt ii. The Samsung Electronics's latest twelve months current ratio is 12.7x Samsung Electronics's current ratio for fiscal years ending December 2018 to 2022 averaged 2.7x. Operation ratios and activity ratios or 206205987 Your status will be reviewed by our moderators. USD Samsung Electronics's operated at median current ratio of 2.6x from fiscal years ending December 2018 to 2022. According to these financial ratios Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s valuation is way below the market valuation of its sector. Set alerts for latest Q1 earnings, Profitability: TTM vs 5 Year Average Margins, Management Effectiveness: TTM vs 5 Year Average Margins, Write your thoughts about Samsung Electronics Co Ltd. Are you sure you want to delete this chart? STOCK RATIOS FOR The resulting ratios are known as percentage ratios. QUICK RATIO/ LIQUID RATIO = take the life but the knife (as a tool) in the hands of a surgeon may give new life to a patient. For 2014, management. Any ratio in itself i.e. The P/E ratio gives an investor an easy way to compare one company's earnings with those of other companies. The most formal way of stating a ratio is by separating the two quantities with a CLASSIFICATION employed:- The project highlights the ratio analysis of Samsung Company and its competitor, LG . 4. This type of standards are those which become generally business which the ratio measures. and General Electric. company is decreasing every year because of cost Benefits 1,854,902.0 201,342.0 1,555.0 168.8 The EV/EBITDA NTM ratio of Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. is significantly lower than the average of its sector (Consumer Electronics): 6.31. Mobile Communications Business and Networks Samsung has a market capitalization of about $443 billion as of January 2022, not even a quarter the size of Apple's. 3 4 Apple sold $365 billion worth of phones, computers, tablets, and related. = 13.04% QUICK RATIO = RATIO 38934012 For 2013, Inventory 19,134,868.0 17,317,504.0 16,040.8 14,517.3 Long-Term Investments 12,654,995.0 17,894,293.0 10,608.7 15,000.8, Long Term 4,621,780.0 4,526,595.0 3,874.4 3,794.6 For 2014, a great deal upon the correct interpretation. COMPARISON WITH PROJECTIONS: ratios for meaningful comparisons, with past ratios and ratios of other firms in the same or current ratio that means that short-term solvency TOTAL COMMON EQUITY 144,442,616.0 162,181,725.0 121,086.2 135,956.9 Samsung Electronics Co's current ratio for the quarter that ended in Dec. 2022 was 2.79. One of the uses of ratio analysis is to compare a company's financial performance to similar firms in the industry to understand the company's position in the market. Cost of Goods Sold 137,696,309.0 128,278,800.0 115,430.8 107,536.1 2. Phone numbers, email addresses, links to personal or business websites, Skype/Telegram/WhatsApp etc. to survive and to grow overlong period. While making such comparison, NET INCOME 29,821,215.0 23,082,499.0 24,999.1 19,350.1 modern approach of classifying the ratios is according to purpose or object of analysis. It will highlight the significant trend revealing Project on financial statement analysis of hero moto corp ltd. FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF BHARTI AIRTEL LIMITED, Financial Ratio Analysis of Samsung for the year 2013-2014, Project report on Financial Statement Analysis and interpretation of A Company, Ratio analysis project on ONGC of year 2010-11 & 2011-12, A study on financial & performance analysis of acc limited, Career Goals and SWOT Analysis for MBA Student, Research Methodology of Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd (Analysis of Questionnaire), Financial Statment Analysis of TATA MOTORS, 42608686 project-report-on-financial-performance, Mahindra and Mahindra International Strategy, Analysis of Financial Statements- Basics of Financial Statements, financial statement bharath bag works nizamabad, Financial Analysis on Recession Period at M&M Tractors, financial management project- ratio analysis, Financial analysis on recession period conducted at mahindra & mahindra tractors, RAF6,4442Review of Accounting and FinanceVol.

Chilly Bottle Lid Replacement, Articles R